Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticle Using Moringa Oleifera Seeds Extracts

Abstract

Nanotechnology deals with materials in nanoscale that exhibit incredible
chemical, physical and biological properties. This study is aimed at synthesizing
silver nanoparticles from Moringa oleifera seed using aqueous and ethanol as
solvents and compare their antioxidant as well as antimicrobial activities of
these two synthesized nanoparticles. The synthesized nanoparticles were
subjected to preliminary characterization using UV- spectroscopy to ensure their
formation which were confirmed by attaining the plasmon resonance surface of
both particles at 320nm. Standard assay for antioxidant scavenging of ferric ion
and DDPH were employed and standard methods for drop plate technique,
minimum inhibition concentration and minimum bactericidal/fungicidal
concentrations were used. The results indicate that silver nanoparticles
synthesized from ethanol extract (EEMS) has excellent ferric ion scavenging
activity compared to silver nanoparticles synthesized from aqueous extract
(AEMS), while AEMS has 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging
potential compared to EEMS. Both nanoparticles show the antimicrobial
efficiency were dose dependent but more inhibition zone was observed on
EEMS using drop plate technique at 25mg/dl against all the organisms used (S.
aureus, E. coli and C. albican). And in minimum inhibition concentrations, the
result shows both particles inhibit the growth of all organisms at 6.25 µg/dl
except against E. coli which is at 12.5 µg/ml by EEMS. Similarly, minimum
bactericidal / fungicidal concentrations were the same in all organisms at 12.5
µg/ml except against C. albican which was at 6.25 µg/ml by EEMS. The finding
revealed that both EEMS and AEMS are good antioxidants and antimicrobial
agents and their activities are concentration dependent.