Prevalence of Schistosomiasis and Associated Risks Factors Among Patients with Urinary Tract Infections in Azare Metropolis

Abstract

Schistosomiasis is among the neglected tropical diseases, with significant prevalence rates in developing countries. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of Schistosomiasis and associated risk factors among patients with urinary tract infections in Azare. A total of 200 urine samples were collected from patients at Extreme Hospital Azare, while 200 structured questionnaires were distributed to obtain demographic information and evaluate potential risk factors. Each urine sample (10 mL) was centrifuged at 2000 rpm for 2 minutes, with the sediment examined microscopically under ×10 and ×40 objective lenses. Samples containing eggs of Schistosoma haematobium were classified as positive, and those without eggs as negative. The overall prevalence of infection was found to be 7%, with higher rates among females, adolescents and individuals from lower socioeconomic backgrounds. The risk factors assessed included socioeconomic status, personal hygiene, environmental sanitation, source of drinking water, and swimming in water bodies. Of these, only swimming in water bodies reached a statistically significant level associated with infection. The study highlighted the need for targeted public health interventions, particularly among vulnerable groups such as adolescents and low-income communities.