Carbon Capture and Storage Via Electrochemical and Bioelectrochemical Techniques: A Review

Abstract

The urgent need to mitigate the escalating impacts of climate change has spurred innovative research in carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies. This review provides a concise overview of recent developments in CCS, focusing on electrochemical and bioelectrochemical techniques as promising avenues for efficient carbon sequestration. Electrochemical approaches leverage the principles of electrocatalysis and electrochemical reduction to capture carbon dioxide (CO₂) from industrial emissions. This method not only demonstrates high selectivity but also allows for the production of valuable chemicals and fuels through the conversion of captured CO₂. Additionally, advancements in electrochemical storage techniques offer scalable and economically viable solutions for long-term carbon sequestration. Bioelectrochemical techniques harness the catalytic power of microorganisms to facilitate the conversion of CO₂ into biomass or biofuels. The synergy between biological processes and electrochemical interfaces enhances the overall efficiency of carbon capture, providing a sustainable and environmentally friendly approach. Moreover, the integration of bioelectrochemical systems with renewable energy sources offers a carbon-negative pathway, contributing to the overall decarbonization of various industries. This review underscores the transformative potential of electrochemical and bioelectrochemical techniques in revolutionizing CCS strategies, emphasizing their role in addressing climate change challenges while concurrently fostering a transition towards a more sustainable and circular economy.